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Riccardo Filangeri of Candida Gonzaga ( Naples , April 16 1882 – Naples , July 21 1959) was an archivist , historian andgenealogist Italian , historical figure of officer and director of ‘ State Archive of Naples.
The vastness of the interests he has cultivated witnessed the large range of its publications, which span a variety of fields such as’archival, history, numismatics medieval ‘s heraldry and history of the family, genealogy , to the history of ‘ art .
Descendant of Filangieri , historical noble Neapolitan family, the son of Count Berardo ( Sulmona , February 26, 1845 – Naples, October 25, 1920) and Mary Masala Marquis of Trentola , Richard Filangieri was the younger brother of historian Antonio (Naples, 13 December 1867 – Sorrento, August 4, 1916).
Biography
Studies and career
The home of the ‘ Neapolitan archives in thecloister of the monastery of Saints Severinus and Sossius , of the ‘ church of the same name. After studying at the Royal Military College of Nunziatella , and a law degree at ‘ University of Naples (1906), Filangieri abandoned the right to pursue his vocation to the history, genealogy and ‘ heraldry , the field, the latter, in ferratissimo which became, thanks to the descent from Filangieri , a family of ancient nobility of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies .
His work in the field of archival began to contest, in 1911, to ‘ State Archive of Naples , which for some years could benefit from the modernization operatovi Bartolommeo Capasso. Its doctrine and technique Capasso helped to make him an “exemplary modern archivist”. Archive state will Neapolitan superintendent from 1934 to 1956, leading him dearly in the difficult phase of the war damage.
Without leaving the Neapolitan archives, archival Filangieri became superintendent for the Neapolitan province since 1939, and Inspector General for the archives from 1947. was also president of the ‘ Association of Italian Archives , the International Committee for the archival literature and the International Council archives which had been delegated to represent constituent of ‘ Italy , to its foundation in 1952.
He was the author of works ofpalaeography, diplomatic, numismatics , but took care, in no small measure, also in art history , a subject for which he held also a teaching campus in Frederick, 1928-1934.
Policy acquisition of private archive
Also played an intense awareness and persuasion to prevent the dismemberment of important family archives, in favor of their protection, accessibility and their acquisition. Seeking the cooperation of the owner families, carried out a “policy of reconciliation and enforcement of the rules of law with particular solutions of a psychological nature”, trying to iron out what he called only apparent differences between the private interest of the holders and the public which it bears the civil society.
The first result of this policy of persuasion was, in 1935, the acquisition of the archive of the family Giudice Caracciolo of Cellammare, then held by inheritance princess Judge Giulia Caracciolo Cellammare of Cardinal Serra, which had accumulated, confluitivi inland portion, the funds of numerous noble families such as the Villa Caracciolo, the Judge of Cellammare, the Palme d’Artois, the Muscettola Leporano, the Palagano of San Vito and Cellammare, the Dodge Schiavi.
It was the first step on a path that would lead to the archive of Naples, in 1956, with a budget of 40 major new funds coming from the private archives of the family, for whose accommodation was arranged in 1956 a special section dedicated to the collection, within the premises of the cloister of ‘former monastery attached to the church of Santi Severino and Sossius. The acquisition work, continued by his successors, among which should be mentioned Iole Mazzoleni, has increased the endowment of the noble section to more than 130 funds from various sources. The acquisition of private archives, especially the material parchment , also had the effect of mitigating the damage it suffered during the Second World War , especially in the field diplomatistico.
Archive Bourbon
It must also be in its persuasion assessment, recovery and the acquisition by the state, in 1953, the Savoy family, that compendium of more than 35,000 archival items, that with the exile of Francis II , the last of the Bourbons Naples , had taken the road of Monaco of Bavaria and was kept in the castle of Hohenschwangau , the availability of Ferdinand , heir to the Bourbon.
Destruction and reconstruction of the Chancellery of Anjou
Retaliation on the security deposit
The name of Richard Filangieri is related to their wartime and post-war , when the local command of the Wehrmacht, well aware of the immense value of the precious content, ordered a reprisal . The unexpected result was the destruction of 866 boxes of documents, a mass of archival material that was believed to have taken cover from bombardment by hiding in Nola , in the Montesano villa of San Paolo Belsito.
Among the speakers was comprised of material ‘most valuable historical “, the “gem” the most valuable of ‘ State Archive of Naples , the Chancellery Angevin “375 logs in parchment paper and 3, 4 registers fragmentary called “new records” in 66 volumes paper, entitled “files”, 37 volumes of proceedings in parchment, original, called “arks in parchment” and 21 volumes of paper documents, original as well, called “arks paper”. Among the goods lost, the only surviving register of the imperial chancery of Frederick II , that for the years 1239-1240.
Only survivors of the disaster were the few materials left in place: a few fragments, a trade Onofrio Sicola , Michelangelo clarified , Charles Borrelli and three volumes of Notamenta of Carlo De Lellis.
The bitterness of the Filangieri for the huge cultural loss was exacerbated by the fact that the Ministry of the Interior , in the measures taken to protect the papers, had totally disregarded the precise evaluations to the contrary expressed by him in 1935, when there was insufficient time in order to prepare the solution he proposed a security deposit within the broad spaces of the archive Naples. Filangieri motivated in this way the dangers of a dislocation, “a considerable amount, even of only the most precious scriptures, the difficulty of a sudden transport and to find a place safe from all the dangers to which it is subject to the Scriptures, the species’ fire and moisture, recommend to think and prepare themselves within the walls of this vast building a well-equipped shelter from the danger of an emergency removal, the difficulty of finding a store away from moisture and fire “.
Reconstruction project
The first volume of the records of the Registry of the Angevin published by ‘ Academy Pontaniana. Filangeri then conceived a colossal work, which appeared at the same time controversial and the most hopeless skepticism, but he carried on with perseverance until death, thanks to the funding of the ‘Academy Pontaniana, which is involved in the project on the advice ofBenedict Cross: the meticulous reconstruction of the lost archives, based on all the tracks left in life – “original copies, manuscripts, microfilms and photocopies existing in AS Naples and elsewhere, transcribed, published or collected by Italian and foreign scholars of every time ” – also through the dialogue of the 350 scholars who had to do the last 40 years.
The ‘ Office of the reconstruction of Anjou was the creature he designed for the purpose. Established in 1944, was able to carry through, from 1950 to 1959, the publication of the first 13 volumes, the last of them posthumously, de Registers of the Chancellery of Anjou rebuilt by Riccardo Filangieri with the collaboration of archivists in Naples , within the editorial series Pontaniana “Texts and Documents of Neapolitan history. To these must be added three more volumes that Filangieri left in almost complete form manuscript.
The ‘ Office of the reconstruction Angevin continued the work after his death, under the auspices of ‘ Academy Pontaniana , who bear the costs, and with the direction of Jole Mazzoleni , and is still operating under the guidance of Stefano Palmieri.
Heraldry
Following the family tradition, like the interests of his father, Richard Filangieri also cultivated, with results of the highest levels, an expert on matters of heraldry : he lent his expertise, for example, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta , which he availed as “supreme adviser” in resolving complex issues of heraldry.
Prior to repeal the constitutional of the Heraldic Council , Richard Filangieri was also a member of the Board of heraldry Kingdom of Italy and the Commission heraldry regional, where he was first secretary and then vice-president.
Honours and affiliations
- Grand Bailiff of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
- Grand Collar of the ‘ Constantinian Order of Saint George
Affiliate Academy Pontaniana
After the destruction of the war, was one of the protagonists of the rebirth of the Academy, when the Allied Command , by decree of February 19, 1944, ordered the restoration. Filangieri was a member of the Committee of Ten , the group responsible for the execution of the decree, appointed to that office along with Maria Bakunin , Vincenzo Arangio Ruiz , Renato Caccioppoli ,Antonio Carts , Ferruccio De Lorenzo , Fausto Nicolini , Adolfo Omodeo , Umberto Pierantoni , Quagliariello.
Works
- History of Massa Lubrense , Naples, 1910
- News on the coins in use in Apulia from sec. X to XII , in the Supplement to the Coins of the Realm of the Two Sicilies , III (1913)
- On Ramesina Puglia , in the Supplement to the Coins of the Realm of the Two Sicilies , IV (1914)
- Notes chronograph for southern Italy , in Italian Archives , The (1914), p. 136-149
- The Capasso on the history of Sorrento in Sorrento , III (1915)
- Sorrento and its peninsula , coll. “Italian art”, Italian Institute of Graphic Arts, Bergamo 1917
- Diplomatic Code of Amalfi, I, The scrolls of Amalfi in the State Archives of Naples (907-1200) , Naples, 1917
- The “Charter amalphitana” , Siena 1919
- The “curiales” of Amalfi , Naples, 1921
- A collection of scrolls in Scala Amalfi , in Italian Archives , VIII (1921)
- History of the University of Naples. Written by Francesco Torraca , Gennaro Maria Monti , Riccardo Filangieri of Candida, Nino Cortese , Michelangelo Schipa , Alfredo Zazo , Luigi Russo , R. Ricciardi, Naples 1924
- The church and monastery of San Giovanni a Carbonara , L. Lubrano, Naples 1924
- Diplomatic Code of Bari, X, The scrolls of Barletta of the State Archives of Naples , Bari 1928
- Notamenti and repertoire of the Neapolitan Chancelleries compiled by Charles De Lellis and other scholars of the buckets. Sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , in Proceedings of ‘Pontaniana Academy , LVIII (1928)
- The home of Frederick of Aragon in New Castle , in Studies in honor of Michelangelo Schipa , Naples, 1926
- New Castle, palace Angevin and Aragonese of Naples , Ed Banco di Napoli , 1934
- Reprint: The Art typography, Naples, 1964
- Restoration and rearrangements in R. Arch State of Naples, in Archives , V (1938), p. 233 et seq.
- The schools of Naples from its origins to the establishment of the Bank of the Two Sicilies (1539-1808) , Naples, 1940 (the first volume of the History of the Banco di Napoli , for the fourth centenary of ‘ credit institution )
- Report on the destruction of the deposit of the most valuable historical documents of the State Archives of Naples made by the Germans September 30, 1943 , in Hilary Jenkinson – Henry E. Bell, Italian archives and Its close During the war , His Majesty’s Stationery Office , London , 1946, p. 44 et seq.
- Reconstruction program of the archives of the Court of Anjou , in News of the State Archives , VIII (1948), p. 36 et seq.
- The archive of the principles of Bisignano , in News of the State Archives , VIII (1948), p. 98-100
- The illuminated manuscript [of coats of arms that was kept at the Brotherhood of Santa Marta] illustrated by Riccardo Filangieri , Electa publishing, Florence , 1950
- The Registers of the Chancellery of Anjou rebuilt by Riccardo Filangieri with the collaboration of archivists Neapolitan , 12 volumes, coll. “Texts and Documents of Neapolitan history,”Academy Pontaniana , 1950-1959
- Communication on a wise reconstruction of the Archives of Angevin Naples , in “Archivum”, 1951, issue. I, pp. 135-137
- Diplomatic Code of Amalfi, II, The scrolls of Amalfi already in the State Archives of Naples (1201-1322). Appendix (860-1291), Trani , 1951
- Loss recoveries and diplomat Farnese in Miscellaneous Markets archival Angelo , Vatican City 1952, p. 269 et seq.
- The archives of the Royal House of Bourbon in Naples , in the Italian Archival , CXI (1953)
- A chronicle of the fifteenth century Neapolitan figured , Academy of architecture, fine arts and letters ( Chronic Neapolitan ‘s Ferraiolo , a code Neapolitan , Ms . 801 of the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York ), The Art of typography, Naples, 1956
- Writings of palaeography and diplomatic, archival and erudition of R. Filangieri , “Publications of the State Archives,” presentation by Jole Mazzoleni and introduction of Ernesto Pontieri , Rome, 1970
- The State Archives of Naples during the Second World War , edited by Stefano Palmieri, Naples, Art typographical 1996
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